According to the GiveDirectly audit of December 31, 2018 (Note 19, Related-Party Transactions): "During the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, GiveDirectly's President and the Chairman of the Board did not draw a salary or receive fringe benefits from GiveDirectly for a portion of the years. This has been reflected as contributed services in the accompanying [audited] statements of activities for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, with an estimated fair value of $246,513 and $133,524, respectively. The related salary and fringe benefit expense have been allocated between fundraising and management and general expenses based on the individuals' time tracking... "Segovia Technology Co. (Segovia) was formed by two common Board members and co-founders of GiveDirectly. Segovia builds software to manage the logistics of payments distribution in the developing world, so that governments, non-profits and others can more effectively implement cash transfers and other social protection programs. "Effective March 16, 2015, GiveDirectly purchased 921,500 shares of Segovia common stock at $0.0001 par value per share, leading to an aggregate purchase price of $92.15. GiveDirectly acquired the shares for a nominal cash contribution, as is standard practice for the distribution of initial shares of a new company. GiveDirectly transferred voting rights in these shares back to two proxyholders who are founders of Segovia, as part of an arrangement in which those founders donated economic interest in those shares to GiveDirectly but retained voting rights. As part of the stock purchase, GiveDirectly received from Segovia $2,250, as recommended by a third-party valuation, to compensate for the avoided search costs for an employee that would be shared between the two organizations. "Segovia charges GiveDirectly a fixed percentage of grant transfers for software services. For the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, Segovia software expenses totaled $686,189 and $374,550, respectively, and have been reflected in program services on the [audited] statements of activities. In 2018, GiveDirectly changed their approach to accounting for transfer-related fees. Contrary to recognizing Segovia software expenses when transfer commitments are made, as was done before 2018, in 2018, GiveDirectly began recognizing Segovia software expense when the service is provided and transfer has been disbursed to the recipient. The change in methodology was made prospectively due to the overall immateriality to the financial statements... "During 2018 and 2017, Segovia also shared two employees with GiveDirectly, who provided administrative support. For the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, a salary allocation for these employees of $64,855 and $84,238 was billed to Segovia by GiveDirectly... "In 2017, GiveDirectly began using Segovia mobile money wallets for delivery of cash transfers to the recipients in East Africa. For the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, the amount of funds that GiveDirectly held with Segovia that had not yet been disbursed by Segovia to the recipients totaled $181,172 and $195,009, respectively. ... For the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, the amount of fees related to transfers not yet paid to Segovia totaled $71,145 and $65,903, respectively... "GiveDirectly entered into an agreement with Segovia in January 2017, whereby GiveDirectly agreed to pay Segovia $13,198 monthly (and pay $17,425 toward the security deposit), representing its proportionate share of the shared office space. The unpaid portion of the rent as of December 31, 2018 and 2017 was $15,883 and $13,462, respectively... "Effective October 28, 2015, an entity was established in the United Kingdom (GiveDirectly UK) for the purpose of fundraising in the United Kingdom for the prevention or relief of poverty anywhere in the world. GiveDirectly does not control or direct any of the activities of GiveDirectly UK. However, the Chairman and co-founder of GiveDirectly is one of several members of the Board of Directors of GiveDirectly UK. During 2018 and 2017, GiveDirectly received from GiveDirectly UK $1,056,128 and $494,672, respectively... "On December 21, 2016, GiveDirectly was registered under the Companies Act 2006 as having established a UK establishment in the United Kingdom. This is a branch of GiveDirectly and a separate entity from GiveDirectly UK, and consists of five UK employees involved primarily in fundraising and programmatic operational work. The assets, liabilities, revenue, and expenses associated with the UK entity are included in the [audited] financial statements..."
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